This is tar.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.7 from tar.texi. This manual is for GNU ‘tar’ (version 1.35, 10 July 2023), which creates and extracts files from archives. Copyright © 1992, 1994–1997, 1999–2001, 2003–2017, 2021–2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being “GNU General Public License”, with the Front-Cover Texts being “A GNU Manual”, and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”. (a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual.” INFO-DIR-SECTION Archiving START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * Tar: (tar). Making tape (or disk) archives. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY INFO-DIR-SECTION Individual utilities START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * tar: (tar)tar invocation. Invoking GNU ‘tar’. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY  Indirect: tar.info-1: 1178 tar.info-2: 305486 tar.info-3: 623104  Tag Table: (Indirect) Node: Top1178 Node: Introduction11803 Node: Book Contents12618 Node: Definitions14830 Node: What tar Does16711 Node: Naming tar Archives19556 Node: Authors20329 Node: Reports22179 Node: Tutorial22540 Node: assumptions23385 Node: stylistic conventions25897 Node: basic tar options26358 Node: frequent operations30134 Node: Two Frequent Options30812 Node: file tutorial31463 Node: verbose tutorial32891 Ref: verbose member listing35690 Node: help tutorial38525 Node: create38900 Node: prepare for examples40386 Node: Creating the archive42241 Node: create verbose45950 Node: short create46809 Node: create dir49648 Node: list52461 Ref: listing member and file names54076 Node: list dir56751 Node: extract57795 Node: extracting archives58960 Node: extracting files59465 Ref: extracting files-Footnote-161429 Node: extract dir61813 Node: extracting untrusted archives64265 Node: failing commands65169 Node: going further66782 Node: tar invocation66995 Node: Synopsis68819 Ref: exit status72359 Node: using tar options74068 Ref: TAR_OPTIONS75690 Node: Styles76757 Ref: Styles-Footnote-178264 Node: Long Options78532 Node: Short Options80790 Ref: Short Options-Footnote-182646 Node: Old Options82867 Node: Mixing85743 Ref: Mixing-Footnote-188161 Node: All Options88285 Node: Operation Summary88933 Ref: --append89053 Ref: --catenate89142 Ref: --compare89226 Ref: --concatenate89438 Ref: --create89561 Ref: --delete89642 Ref: --diff89763 Ref: --extract89835 Ref: --get89946 Ref: --list90017 Ref: --update90094 Node: Option Summary90313 Ref: --absolute-names90472 Ref: --acls90792 Ref: --after-date90877 Ref: --anchored90938 Ref: --atime-preserve91077 Ref: --auto-compress93665 Ref: --backup93909 Ref: --block-number94109 Ref: --blocking-factor94296 Ref: --bzip294461 Ref: --check-device94585 Ref: --checkpoint94784 Ref: --checkpoint-action95253 Ref: --check-links96548 Ref: --compress96837 Ref: --uncompress96837 Ref: --clamp-mtime97062 Ref: --confirmation97110 Ref: --delay-directory-restore97187 Ref: --dereference97394 Ref: --directory97601 Ref: --exclude97867 Ref: --exclude-backups97995 Ref: --exclude-from98089 Ref: --exclude-caches98252 Ref: --exclude-caches-under98465 Ref: --exclude-caches-all98648 Ref: --exclude-ignore98782 Ref: --exclude-ignore-recursive99010 Ref: --exclude-tag99262 Ref: --exclude-tag-under99438 Ref: --exclude-tag-all99633 Ref: --exclude-vcs99767 Ref: --exclude-vcs-ignores99931 Ref: --file100348 Ref: --files-from100571 Ref: --force-local100787 Ref: --format100991 Ref: --full-time101706 Ref: --group102406 Ref: --group-map102749 Ref: --gzip103149 Ref: --gunzip103149 Ref: --ungzip103149 Ref: --hard-dereference103401 Ref: --help103592 Ref: --hole-detection103744 Ref: --ignore-case104004 Ref: --ignore-command-error104135 Ref: --ignore-failed-read104251 Ref: --ignore-zeros104377 Ref: --incremental104653 Ref: --index-file104931 Ref: --info-script105021 Ref: --new-volume-script105021 Ref: --interactive105339 Ref: --keep-directory-symlink105568 Ref: --keep-newer-files106125 Ref: --keep-old-files106272 Ref: --label106493 Ref: --level106798 Ref: --listed-incremental107254 Ref: --lzip107639 Ref: --lzma107752 Ref: --mode107978 Ref: --mtime108283 Ref: --multi-volume108983 Ref: --newer109213 Ref: --newer-mtime109516 Ref: --no-acls109753 Ref: --no-anchored109851 Ref: --no-auto-compress109994 Ref: --no-check-device110150 Ref: --no-delay-directory-restore110337 Ref: --no-ignore-case110590 Ref: --no-ignore-command-error110687 Ref: --no-null110847 Ref: --no-overwrite-dir111065 Ref: --no-quote-chars111213 Ref: --no-recursion111402 Ref: --no-same-owner111516 Ref: --no-same-permissions111712 Ref: --no-seek111921 Ref: --no-selinux112148 Ref: --no-unquote112253 Ref: --no-verbatim-files-from112395 Ref: --no-wildcards112916 Ref: --no-wildcards-match-slash113004 Ref: --no-xattrs113114 Ref: --null113221 Ref: --numeric-owner113592 Ref: --occurrence114284 Ref: --old-archive114888 Ref: --one-file-system114945 Ref: --one-top-level115131 Ref: --overwrite115791 Ref: --overwrite-dir115938 Ref: --owner116088 Ref: --owner-map116463 Ref: --pax-option116847 Ref: --portability117162 Ref: --posix117239 Ref: --preserve-order117289 Ref: --preserve-permissions117365 Ref: --same-permissions117365 Ref: --quote-chars117802 Ref: --quoting-style117959 Ref: --read-full-records118318 Ref: --record-size118496 Ref: --recursion118865 Ref: --recursive-unlink118978 Ref: --remove-files119145 Ref: --restrict119300 Ref: --rmt-command119497 Ref: --rsh-command119651 Ref: --same-order119782 Ref: --same-owner120098 Ref: --seek120497 Ref: --selinux120888 Ref: --show-defaults120993 Ref: --show-omitted-dirs121511 Ref: --show-snapshot-field-ranges121678 Ref: --show-transformed-names121883 Ref: --show-stored-names121883 Ref: --skip-old-files122285 Ref: --sort122748 Ref: --sparse123403 Ref: --sparse-version123551 Ref: --starting-file123789 Ref: --strip-components123991 Ref: --suffix124344 Ref: --tape-length124476 Ref: --test-label124917 Ref: --to-command125074 Ref: --to-stdout125242 Ref: --totals125408 Ref: --touch125648 Ref: --transform125859 Ref: --xform125859 Ref: --unlink-first126517 Ref: --unquote126693 Ref: --use-compress-program126804 Ref: --utc126995 Ref: --verbatim-files-from127097 Ref: --verbose127985 Ref: --verify128250 Ref: --version128377 Ref: --volno-file128556 Ref: --warning128756 Ref: --wildcards128942 Ref: --wildcards-match-slash129066 Ref: --xattrs129166 Ref: --xattrs-exclude129269 Ref: --xattrs-include129400 Ref: --xz129664 Ref: Option Summary-Footnote-1129907 Node: Short Option Summary130138 Node: Position-Sensitive Options133064 Ref: Position-Sensitive Options-Footnote-1136773 Node: help136939 Ref: help-Footnote-1140766 Node: defaults140986 Node: verbose142045 Ref: totals144461 Ref: Progress information146111 Ref: show-omitted-dirs147124 Ref: block-number147561 Ref: verbose-Footnote-1148620 Node: checkpoints148731 Ref: checkpoint wait155052 Ref: checkpoint exec155688 Node: warnings157785 Node: General Warnings159343 Node: Archive Creation Warnings160132 Node: Archive Extraction Warnings161385 Node: Incremental Extraction Warnings163128 Node: Warning Classes163790 Node: Warning Defaults164435 Node: interactive164701 Node: external166860 Node: operations168478 Node: Basic tar168724 Ref: Basic tar-Footnote-1171973 Node: Advanced tar172121 Node: Operations172988 Node: append175027 Ref: append-Footnote-1178213 Node: appending files178416 Node: multiple180221 Node: update183021 Node: how to update184038 Node: concatenate185911 Ref: concatenate-Footnote-1189278 Node: delete189421 Node: compare191271 Node: create options192765 Node: override193268 Node: Extended File Attributes200501 Node: Ignore Failed Read205903 Node: extract options206561 Node: Reading207418 Node: read full records208976 Node: Ignore Zeros209331 Node: Writing210616 Node: Dealing with Old Files211177 Node: Overwrite Old Files214081 Node: Keep Old Files215566 Node: Keep Newer Files216405 Node: Unlink First216707 Node: Recursive Unlink217127 Node: Data Modification Times217692 Node: Setting Access Permissions218550 Node: Directory Modification Times and Permissions219222 Node: Writing to Standard Output222903 Node: Writing to an External Program224496 Node: remove files228214 Node: Scarce228411 Node: Starting File228659 Node: Same Order229508 Node: backup230408 Node: looking ahead233584 Node: Backups234420 Node: Full Dumps236037 Node: Incremental Dumps237900 Ref: --level=0240918 Ref: device numbers241469 Ref: incremental-op245552 Ref: Incremental Dumps-Footnote-1245954 Ref: Incremental Dumps-Footnote-2246108 Node: Backup Levels246616 Node: Backup Parameters249044 Node: General-Purpose Variables250250 Ref: RSH253519 Node: Magnetic Tape Control255459 Node: User Hooks256811 Node: backup-specs example258160 Node: Scripted Backups259308 Ref: Scripted Backups-Footnote-1262264 Node: Scripted Restoration262668 Node: Choosing265367 Node: file266501 Ref: remote-dev269243 Ref: local and remote archives269640 Node: Selecting Archive Members270723 Ref: input name quoting271424 Node: files273483 Ref: verbatim-files-from276498 Ref: no-verbatim-files-from276762 Ref: files-Footnote-1277546 Ref: files-Footnote-2277803 Node: nul277969 Node: exclude280609 Ref: exclude-vcs-ignores282253 Ref: exclude-vcs284046 Ref: exclude-Footnote-1288240 Ref: exclude-Footnote-2288498 Node: problems with exclude288569 Node: wildcards290721 Node: controlling pattern-matching293456 Ref: anchored patterns296215 Ref: case-insensitive matches296503 Ref: controlling pattern-matching-Footnote-1297630 Node: quoting styles297851 Ref: escape sequences298206 Node: transform305486 Ref: show-transformed-names307537 Node: after313940 Node: recurse317700 Node: one320586 Node: directory322075 Node: absolute325318 Ref: absolute-Footnote-1328806 Node: Date input formats329171 Node: General date syntax331631 Node: Calendar date items334755 Node: Time of day items336742 Node: Time zone items339038 Node: Combined date and time of day items340431 Node: Day of week items341294 Node: Relative items in date strings342370 Node: Pure numbers in date strings345280 Node: Seconds since the Epoch346261 Node: Specifying time zone rules347984 Node: Authors of parse_datetime351591 Ref: Authors of get_date351774 Node: Formats352773 Node: Compression357520 Node: gzip357812 Ref: alternative decompression programs360455 Ref: auto-compress364230 Ref: use-compress-program365201 Ref: gzip-Footnote-1367208 Ref: gzip-Footnote-2367257 Node: lbzip2367401 Node: sparse368554 Node: Attributes373292 Node: Portability379128 Node: Portable Names380644 Node: dereference381269 Node: hard links382460 Ref: hard links-Footnote-1385405 Node: old385461 Node: ustar386706 Node: gnu387341 Node: posix388262 Node: PAX keywords388767 Node: Checksumming396394 Node: Large or Negative Values398404 Node: Other Tars400033 Node: Split Recovery401189 Node: Sparse Recovery404899 Ref: extracting sparse v0x408632 Ref: Sparse Recovery-Footnote-1411967 Ref: Sparse Recovery-Footnote-2411990 Node: cpio412119 Node: Media417104 Node: Device419069 Ref: size-suffixes424074 Node: Remote Tape Server425234 Node: Common Problems and Solutions429070 Node: Blocking429466 Ref: Blocking-Footnote-1436186 Node: Format Variations436294 Node: Blocking Factor437217 Node: Many449175 Node: Tape Positioning453011 Node: mt454912 Node: Using Multiple Tapes456543 Node: Multi-Volume Archives458661 Ref: tape-length460206 Ref: change volume prompt460777 Ref: volno-file461708 Ref: info-script462273 Ref: Multi-Volume Archives-Footnote-1468073 Ref: Multi-Volume Archives-Footnote-2468189 Node: Tape Files468257 Node: Tarcat469782 Node: label470851 Ref: --test-label option472497 Ref: label-Footnote-1476038 Ref: label-Footnote-2476151 Ref: label-Footnote-3476288 Node: verify476531 Node: Write Protection479969 Node: Reliability and security480804 Node: Reliability481196 Node: Permissions problems481982 Node: Data corruption and repair482429 Node: Race conditions483362 Node: Security485131 Node: Privacy485742 Node: Integrity487007 Node: Live untrusted data489278 Node: Security rules of thumb491699 Node: Changes493297 Node: Recipes497014 Node: copy directory hierarchy497303 Node: intermediate directories498119 Ref: intermediate directories-Footnote-1500516 Node: Configuring Help Summary500640 Node: Fixing Snapshot Files507251 Node: Tar Internals510692 Node: Standard511024 Node: Extensions533787 Node: Sparse Formats537227 Node: Old GNU Format538544 Node: PAX 0540995 Node: PAX 1544225 Node: Snapshot Files545990 Node: Dumpdir551700 Node: Genfile555094 Node: Generate Mode556359 Node: Status Mode561849 Node: Set File Time563922 Node: Exec Mode564879 Node: GNU Free Documentation License568374 Node: Index of Command Line Options593749 Node: Index623104  End Tag Table  Local Variables: coding: utf-8 End: